فونای جنوب گندوانا ،مثالی ازکاربرد استراکدهای دریایی برای بررسی های پالئوبیوژئوگرفی و پالئوژئوگرافی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه آزاد خرم آباد

چکیده

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مقاله حاضر به بررسی  وتجزیه و تحلیل پالئوبیوژئوگرافی استراکدهای ژوراسیک شرق آفریقا ، هندوستان و ماداگاسکار پرداخته ، نکات کلی را در خصوص تنوع زیستی، اکولوژی و پالئوبیوژئوگرافی آنها دربرمی گیرد. مطالعات پالئو بیوژئوگرافی صورت گرفته ،اهمیت بالای این گروه ریزسنگواره  را دربازسازی فرایندهای جغرافیای گذشته زمین  به ویژه توسعه پلیت تکتونیک و تغییرات سطح آب دریا نشان می دهد. بر اساس مطالعات صورت گرفته ،فونای جنوب گندوانا در اغاز ژوراسیک میانی در یک حوضه دریایی کم عمق که منتج شده از فرایندهای ریفتینگ بین شرق و غرب گندوانا ست، بین ماداگاسکار، هندوستان و شرق آفریقا (خلیج ماداگاسکار) برجای گذاشته شده اند .ماکزیمم تنوع این فونا با توجه به گسترش جغرافیایی حوضه که ناشی از ریفتینگ های پی درپی و افزایش سطح اب دریاست به پایان ژوراسیک میانی مربوط می شود و ویژگی بومی شاخص این فونا نیز به موقعیت جغرافیایی محیطی خلیج ماداگاسکار که در حاشیه تتیس جنوبی قرار دارد مربوط است. در انتهای ژوراسیک میانی ژوراسیک پایانی هم، فونای جنوب گندوانا یک جدایش زیست جغرافیایی را بین شرق افریقا ،هندوستان و ماداگاسکار همراه با افزایش بومزادی که احتمالاً متاثر از تعمیق خلیج وظهور سایر موانع مهاجرت زیست محیطی بین این مناطق است نشان می دهد .

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