بازسازی خط تعادل یخچالهای کواترنر پایانی در ارتفاعات زردکوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

ارتفاع خط تعادل یخچالی (ELAs) یخچال‌های دیرینه در کوهستان زردکوه بر اساس داده‌های زمین‌شناسی – یخچالی که نشان‌دهنده محدوده یخ‌های دیرینه می‌باشد و طبق چند روش بازسازی‌شده است. در محدوده مطالعاتی انواع لندفرم های یخچالی مانند مخروط‌های یخرفتی، مورن ها و چندین سیرک یخچالی خوب توسعه‌یافته مشاهده‌شده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داده است که در طول دوره گسترش حداکثری یخچال‌ها، خط تعادل یخچالی نسبت به تراز فعلی خط تعادل یخچالی (3067 متر از سطح دریا) 1433 متر افت داشته است. مقایسه این مقدار افت و مقدار افت خط تعادل یخچالی (DELAs) دیگر نقاط دنیا نشان داده است که حداکثر میزان توسعه یخچالی در این منطقه می‌تواند قابل تطابق با دوره آخرین یخچال حداکثر (LGM) باشد. مقادیر ELAs و DELAs مرتبط با جوان‌ترین مورن های شناسایی‌شده در منطقه به ترتیب 3800 و 700 متر از سطح دریا بوده است. این مقادیر تطابق بیشتری با فازهای انتهائی دوره یخچالی پسین و یا فازهای ابتدایی دوره یخچالی جدید دارد. این مطالعه نشان داده است که افت دمای متوسط سالیانه در طول LGM حدود 74/9 درجه سانتی‌گراد و احتمالاً 76/4 درجه سانتی‌گراد در طول دوره‌های جوان‌تر یخچالی بوده است. همچنین نشان داده‌شده که یخچال‌های منطقه در زمان حداکثر توسعه (LGM) عمدتاً دارای یک حوضه برف‌گیر با زبانه‌های یخچالی دره‌ای بوده و زبانه‌های آن‌ها تا تراز 2400 متری نسبت به تراز فعلی دریاها امتداد داشته است.

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