بررسی تجمع نانوفسیلهای آهکی کامپانین پسین – مایستریشتین پیشین در سازند گورپی (فروافتادگی دزفول، جنوب غرب ایران): ثبت شواهدی از حادثه سردشدگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

 
در مطالعه حاضر تجمع نانوفسیل‌های آهکی در توالی رسوبات کامپانین پسین – مایستریشتین پیشین در سازند گورپی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. در این مطالعه برای اولین ماتریکس تطابقی برای بررسی تجمع نانوفسیلهای آهکی و بازسازی شرایط محیطی استفاده شد. تحلیل کمی تجمع نانوفسیلهای آهکی جهت بررسی حوادث آب و هوایی و تفسیر تغییرات درجه حرارت آبهای سطحی بر روی نمونه‌ها انجام شد. تجمع نانوفسیل‌های آهکی بر اساس درجه حرارت به سه گروه گونه‌های بسیار سرد، سرد و گرم تقسیم می‌شوند. اگرچه گونه‌های شاخص آبهای بسیار سرد (Ahmuellerella octoradiata  و Gartnerago segmentatum) نادر می‌باشند (کمتر از یک درصد)، اما گونه‌های شاخص آب سرد (Eiffellithus turriseiffelii، Prediscosphaera cretacea، Micula staurophora، Zeugrhabdotus spp.، Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis، Biscutum constans، Tranolithus orionatusو Lucianorhabdus cayeuxii) و گرم (Watznaueria barnesae، Uniplanarius trifidus، Uniplanarius sissinghii، Ceratolithoides spp. و Broinsonia spp.) بسیار رایج هستند. تعداد گونه‌های شاخص آب گرم بیش از تعداد گونه‌های آب سرد است و یک روند معکوس بین آنها دیده می‌شود. با در نظر گرفتن شاخص درجه حرارت (Temperature Index=TI)، چهار روند مهم نوسانات آب و هوایی، از درجه حرارت گرمتر به سمت فازهای سردتر (دو مرحله سردشدگی و دو مرحله گرم‌شدگی) در محدوده مورد مطالعه ثبت شده است. بر طبق داده‌های ثبت شده، دو حادثه سردشدگی واضح به ترتیب در کامپانین پسین و مایستریشتین پیشین ثبت شده است.

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